所報 105

25/46

－　　－23Design and Analysis of the Location of an Online Resale Business Distribution Centre in JapanK. Suzuki, Y. Kawai, and K. WakabayashiThe locations of distribution centres for online shopping have become an important issue for many companies. The operation of distribution centres for e-commerce seems to be different from the traditional concept of distribution centres in Japan. This study considers how the locations of distribution centres are designed and operated for online retailing using a computer simulation with actual data. The paper analyses the current issues and proposes effective locations for distribution centres for e-commerce. An effective location of a multi-distribution system over a wide area is required. This paper clearly points out the importance of the locations of distribution centres for e-commerce over a wide area, performing a computer simulation using actual data on the assumption that customers of online retail businesses live in the metropolitan area. The study created a business model in which a buffer warehouse that mainly handled commodities with high-frequency shipments was located near an area of large consumption and that the warehouse was used in addition to a large-scale distribution centre. The validity of the model was verified by performing a simulation based on actual data. The result revealed the effectiveness of these measures to improve the locations of distribution centres.Regarding online resale businesses, it has been considered effective to deliver commodities nationwide from a large-scale distribution centre instead of multiple bases scattered in the consumption areas, and this method has been adopted. However, the present study created a business model in which a buffer warehouse that mainly handled commodities with high-frequency shipments was located near a large consumption area and that warehouse was used in addition to a large-scale distribution centre. The validity of the created business model was verified by performing a simulation based on actual data. Consequently, it was revealed that the total distribution cost was the lowest when 40% of the commodities were shipped from the buffer warehouse.Keywords: distribution centres, online resale business, buffer warehouse, ABC analysis, transportation planning日本におけるインターネット通販向け配送センターの立地設計及びその分析　インターネット通販（ネット通販）向けの配送センターの立地は，企業戦略を大きく左右するほどに重視されているが，従来の配送センターの立地戦略とは異なる，本研究では，実際のデータを使用したコンピュータシミュレーションにより，日本におけるネット通販向けの配送センターの立地を分析，検討している．　ネット通販の顧客の多くが大都市圏に居住していることを想定して，広域を網羅する配送センターの必要性を指摘すると同時に，主に高頻度の商品を取り扱うバッファ倉庫を大消費地の近郊に構えることを提案している，すなわち，大規模な配送センターに加えてバッファ倉庫を利用するビジネスモデルを構築し，当該ビジネスモデルの妥当性を実際のデータに基づいてシミュレーションを行うことで検証している，その結果，本研究による配送センターの立地設計が効果的に機能することが明らかにされている．　これまでもネット通販事業については，消費地，並びにその近郊に点在する複数の拠点ではなく，大規模な配送センターを運営し，在庫を集約したうえで全国に商品を届けることが在庫圧縮を可能とした効率的な配送システムと考えられてきた，しかし本研究では，大規模な配送センターのみに在庫を集中させるのではなく，主に高頻度で商品を取り扱うバッファ倉庫を大消費地の近郊に設けることで，より効率的な物流ネットワークを構築できるということを，モデル化を行ったうえでのコンピュータシミュレーションで示している．キーワード：配送センター，インターネット通販，バッファ倉庫，ABC分析，配送計画Journal （掲載誌）Production and Manufacturing Research, Taylor and Francis, UK, vol.4 no.1, pp.152-174, 2016Published Paper