─ 1 ─１．はじめにアメリカの国立公文書館（National Archives and Records Administration（以下「NARA」と称す））には連邦政府関連の公的文書を始めとする膨大な資料が保管されており，文字資料はもちろんのこと写真や動画などの視聴覚資料なども幅広く収蔵されている注１）。本稿で紹介するBC級戦犯横浜軍事法廷（以下「横浜法廷」と称す）の写真資料とは，現在NARAの新館（The National Archives at College Park）注２）で管理されている資料で，第二次世界大戦の戦況などを記録するためにアメリカ陸軍通信隊（The United States Army Signal Corps （以下「SC」と称す））が第二次世界大戦の戦況を記録するために撮影したものである。そして「横浜法廷」とは，ポツダム宣言の「俘虜ヲ虐待セル者ヲ含ム一切ノ戦争犯罪人ニ対シテハ厳重ナル処罰加ヘラルベシ」１）との規定により設置された軍事法廷で，現在，これら資 料日本大学生産工学部研究報告Ｂ2020 年 ６ 月 第 53 巻アメリカ国立公文書館が所蔵するBC級戦犯横浜軍事法廷の写真資料について髙澤弘明＊Photographs of Class B and C Yokohama War Crimes Trials Stored by the US National ArchivesHiroaki TAKAZAWA＊The US National Archives and Records Administration (hereinafter “NARA”) holds vast archives, including documents related to the United States Federal Government, photographs and videos. The class B and C Yokohama War Crimes Trials’ photographic materials introduced in this article were taken by the United States Army Signal Corps after World War II and currently stored at NARA. The Yokohama War Crimes Trials, which was the subject of the photos, was one of the US military criminal courts established under the Potsdam Declaration under the jurisdiction of the US military. There were also the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and the Manila War Crimes Trials. At present, photographs of these trials against Japan are stored in 16 les along with those of the Yokohama Trials.Notable about these photos stored at NARA is that, along with the striking content, captions such as the date the photos were taken, names of the subjects, photo session summaries are noted on the back of all photos, and interesting ndings may be obtained by analyzing those descriptions.Therefore, this paper introduces the academic value of these photographic materials and, through them, the purpose of this study is to try and analyze cases that are interesting for the study of the Yokohama Trials such as; (1) Preparations for the opening of the previously little known Yokohama Trials; (2) The issue of the Defendant’s right to question in court of Kei YURI case. , and; (3) The problem of illegal moxibustion for POWs.Keywords:The US National Archives, Yokohama War Crimes Trials, Class B and C War Crimes, Kei YURI, Defense system＊日本大学生産工学部教養・基礎科学系専任講師
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